Not in terms of student age/number of years of schooling beforehand.
I think in general it's elimnatary school: 6-10 (Volksschule)
Middle school/Junior High (virtually the same with different names iirc): 10-14 (Unterstufe)
High school: 14-18 (Oberstufe)
Then college and university are kinda difficult to distinguish at times, university is more academic while college is more focused on training for jobs, but there are no real equivalents in Germany. And yeah, MIT is a university, pretty sure about that.
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Man
I don't even know what Realschule is, we only got Gym & Hauptschule