I fully expect China to get a yet another pass because money always speaks loudest.
But yeah, the best way to hurt China would be for EU and US governments to force companies from those countries to pull all their manufacturing out of China. Not only will their economy plummet in the short run, but such a move would prevent them from growing long-term as intellectual property won't be as easy to steal. Now, the west is practically handing the chinese every bit of high tech most of their present and future progress is based upon.
To double down, stop bringing in chinese students to US and EU universities, educate them and then watch them either go back to China or stay and work for western companies, while giving up technology secrets to the motherland.
No need for any military intervention, even if that will probably be the US' first and favorite option - just isolate/quarantine them from the developed world as much as possible and the rest will take care of itself.
That will never happen, of course, because there is a lot of money to be made by western companies from cheap chinese labor.
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https://www.visualcapitalist.com/history-of-pandemics-deadliest/
Here is a visual aid for the history of pandemics. Not sure how full this list is, as I can think of at least one flu outbreak that isn't listed (the so called Russian flu of 1970s), but I guess it does help put things in perspective.
A significant majority of the viral outbreaks over the past 100 or so years, have originated (confirmed or suspected, including the Spanish flu) in China. Even the aforementioned Russian flu of 1970s started out in Northern China and ravaged the then USSR.