I would try him there, yes.
Even Allegri's paper says he would play a #10 in a 4-3-3 as a CM. Lots of teams do it.
If not, then you could try this:
Dybala
Martial-Bernardeschi-Costa
Basically the same as we use now but Berna is more of a real CAM and can help way more than Dybala defensively, plus he is better at receiving and breaking through the midfield to create attacks.
But then you have the problem of the 2 CMs behind. And I don't like Pjanic in that position. And I don't like our CBs being protected without a designated DM.
I greatly prefer 4-3-3.