I did not even open buck's link, who does he think he is?
Haha, ok.
Here is a simple explanation.
Juve goes directly to CL. That gives us
4 points. In the group stages every win gives 2 pts and every draw 1 point. So if we win 4 and lose 2 in the group stages, we get
8 points for the 4 wins. Qualifying for the knock-outs gives us additional
5 bonus points. Then we win both matches in the first knock out round and since every win brings 2 pts, we get
4 pts for those two wins. We get now bonus
1 point for making the quarters. We lose both matches in the quarters.
Count all the points now:
- 4 pts for qualifying for the CL groups
- 8 points for the 4 wins in the CL groups
- 5 points for qualifying for the knock outs
- 4 points for winning both matches in the first knock out round.
- 1 bonus point for making the quarters.
TOTAL: 22 points for Juve.
Now, in the same way you count points for the other Italian teams and if, lets say, Napoli wins 10.5 pts, Milan win 14, Inter 15, Roma 10 and Lazio 10, the total from Juve and the other 5 Italian teams is 81.5 points. Now you divide this with the number of Italian teams (81.5/6) and you will get the coefficient for Italy for that particular year. In our case it would be 81.5/6 = 13.583.
That's for 1 single season. When all the coefficients for the last 5 seasons are put together, you will get the country coefficient.
In Europa League the pts are counted the same way, but the difference is that there are no bonuses at all until the quarters.